In 2025, the world’s cleanest countries are not just global leaders in environmental health—they are also innovators in climate policy, renewable energy, and sustainable development. These nations have earned top rankings through rigorous assessment by the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) and the Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI), which together provide the most authoritative and data-driven evaluations of national environmental performance.

The EPI, developed by Yale and Columbia Universities, uses 58 indicators across 11 categories—ranging from air and water quality to biodiversity and climate policy—to rank 180 countries on how well they meet sustainability targets. The CCPI, meanwhile, evaluates 63 countries and the EU, covering over 90% of global greenhouse gas emissions, and assesses performance in GHG emissions, renewable energy, energy use, and climate policy.

These indices are vital tools for policymakers, businesses, and communities, offering a granular view of each country’s strengths and weaknesses, helping to set targets, track trends, and identify best practices for a sustainable future. High-ranking countries benefit from advanced regulatory frameworks, greener infrastructure, and new market opportunities for sustainable technologies. Here’s a closer look at what sets each of the top 10 apart in 2025:

1. Estonia (EPI Score: 75.3)

Estonia leads the world in cleanliness and sustainability, thanks to its extensive forest cover, effective use of bioenergy, and a strong focus on natural resource management. The country has set ambitious climate goals, including a 70% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2050.

Estonia achieved an 11.3% emissions reduction in late 2024, outpacing the rest of the EU, even as its economy grew. The capital, Tallinn, has become a beacon of urban sustainability, winning the ITB Earth Award 2025 for its zero-waste Song and Dance Celebration, which drastically cut single-use plastics and promoted circular economy practices.

Estonia’s environmental policies have also led to Europe’s cleanest air and ongoing investments in wind, solar, and energy storage. However, the country faces challenges in fully phasing out fossil fuels and balancing biomass production with forest conservation.

2. Luxembourg (EPI Score: 75.0)

Luxembourg stands out as a small nation with outsized environmental achievements, earning an EPI score of 75.0 in 2024 and a 4.1-point rise over the past decade. The country leads the world in water management, boasting a near-perfect score of 90.6 in Water Resources and an astounding 99.8 in Sanitation & Drinking Water. Over 55% of Luxembourg’s land is protected, contributing to a top-tier biodiversity score of 84.8.

The nation’s capital has pioneered green investments, while advanced wastewater treatment and strict EU-aligned standards keep pollution low. While Luxembourg excels in ecosystem vitality and heavy metal pollution control, it continues to work on reducing per capita greenhouse gas emissions and curbing tree cover loss.

3. Germany (EPI Score: 74.6)

Germany ranks third globally with an EPI score of 74.6 in 2024, marking a 4.4-point improvement over ten years. The country treats 100% of its urban wastewater, achieving a high 89.1 in Water Resources, and protects a significant share of its land and seas, reflected in its 82.4 Biodiversity & Habitat score.

Germany’s robust environmental policies are complemented by massive investments in green infrastructure and renewable energy. The nation’s cities are recognized for clean air, efficient public transport, and progressive urban planning. Germany’s approach demonstrates that sustainability can go hand in hand with industrial progress, though ongoing industrial emissions remain a challenge.

4. Finland (EPI Score: 73.7)

Finland secures the fourth spot with a 2024 EPI score of 73.7, though this reflects a slight decrease from its 2014 score. The country is a global leader in public health, scoring a perfect 100.0 in both Sanitation & Drinking Water and Heavy Metals. Finland’s well-managed forests, protected natural areas, and clean air contribute to its strong ecosystem vitality.

The nation’s deep cultural connection to nature is evident in its policies, which seamlessly integrate sustainability into daily life. Finland’s challenge lies in maintaining its high standards amid growing urbanization and climate pressures.

5. United Kingdom (EPI Score: 72.7)

The United Kingdom earns an EPI score of 72.7 in 2024, up by 2.1 points over the past decade. The UK has made significant progress in reducing carbon emissions, largely through aggressive wind energy deployment and expanded recycling programs. Urban green spaces and biodiversity conservation have improved city livability and environmental health.

The UK continues to update its climate policies to meet international targets, but faces ongoing challenges with air quality in some metropolitan areas and the need for further emissions reductions.

6. Sweden (EPI Score: 70.5)

Sweden ranks sixth with a 2024 EPI score of 70.5, showing a modest 1.6-point increase over ten years. The country’s energy mix is dominated by hydropower and wind, and it is a pioneer in negative emissions technologies.

Sweden’s cities are models of sustainable urban development, and the nation’s commitment to clean air, water, and biodiversity is unwavering. However, Sweden faces pressure to further reduce emissions from transportation and industry to meet its ambitious climate goals.

7. Norway (EPI Score: 70.0)

Norway holds the seventh position with a 2024 EPI score of 70.0, up 3.6 points over the last decade. The country boasts nearly universal access to clean drinking water and sanitation, and its electricity is almost entirely supplied by hydropower.

Norway’s proactive climate policies and investments in electric mobility and carbon capture have resulted in some of the world’s lowest per capita emissions. The country’s challenge is balancing oil and gas exports with its climate commitments.

8. Austria (EPI Score: 69.0)

Austria scores 69.0 on the 2024 EPI, reflecting a slight decrease of 0.3 points over ten years. The country excels in maintaining clean cities and countryside through strict agricultural and chemical regulations. Austria’s public transport system and urban planning support eco-living, while strong environmental laws ensure high water quality and effective waste management.

Austria’s challenge is to address areas of stagnation and reinvigorate progress on climate adaptation and emissions reduction.

9. Switzerland (EPI Score: 68.0)

Switzerland earns a 2024 EPI score of 68.0, up 1.8 points over the last decade. The country is renowned for its pristine landscapes, robust waste management, and advanced water treatment systems.

Switzerland’s environmental protection laws and public engagement in sustainability initiatives help maintain high living standards and ecological health. However, Switzerland must continue to innovate in renewable energy and reduce its ecological footprint to stay ahead.

10. Denmark (EPI Score: 67.9)

Denmark rounds out the top ten with an EPI score of 67.9 in 2024, a 1.7-point increase over ten years. The nation is a global leader in wind energy and urban planning that prioritizes cycling and green spaces. Denmark’s comprehensive recycling policies and low pollution levels make it a model for clean living. 

The country’s ongoing challenge is to further cut emissions from agriculture and transportation while maintaining economic growth.

How Are These Rankings Determined?

Environmental Performance Index (EPI):

• Uses 58 indicators across 11 categories, including air quality, water and sanitation, biodiversity, habitat protection, and climate policy.
• Weights environmental health (40%) and ecosystem vitality (60%) to reflect both immediate human well-being and long-term sustainability.
• Draws data from the WHO, UN, and other global agencies, providing a scorecard for each country and highlighting leaders and laggards.

Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI):

• Assesses four main categories: GHG emissions (40%), renewable energy (20%), energy use (20%), and climate policy (20%).
• Uses 14 indicators, combining quantitative data (from IEA, FAO, UNFCCC) and qualitative expert assessments of national and international climate policy.
• Covers 63 countries and the EU, representing over 90% of global GHG emissions.

These indices are not just academic—they guide policy, inform investment, and help countries benchmark progress toward sustainability goals. High-ranking countries typically have strong regulatory frameworks, transparent governance, and engaged civil societies, making them attractive for sustainable business and investment.

Why Does This Matter?

• Policy Guidance: Countries use EPI and CCPI data to set targets, track trends, and refine environmental policies.
• Business and Investment: High scores signal a favorable environment for green investment and sustainable business operations.
• Public Health: Clean air, water, and effective waste management directly improve quality of life and reduce healthcare costs.
• Global Leadership: These nations serve as models for others striving to balance economic growth with environmental stewardship.

Summary point

As environmental challenges grow increasingly urgent worldwide, the achievements of these top 10 cleanest countries in 2025 offer both inspiration and a practical roadmap for sustainable development. Their success demonstrates that with visionary leadership, innovative technologies, and committed public participation, it is possible to safeguard natural resources, improve public health, and foster economic growth simultaneously.

By learning from their policies and practices, other nations can accelerate their own journeys toward a cleaner, greener, and more resilient future—ensuring a healthier planet for generations to come

On August 29, 2025, Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan announced a decisive move during a special parliamentary session: Türkiye has severed all economic and trade relations with Israel and imposed a ban on Israeli aircraft entering Turkish airspace. The parliament also adopted a resolution condemning Israeli actions in the Gaza Strip as genocide.

“We have completely cut off our trade with Israel. We do not allow Turkish ships to go to Israeli ports. We do not allow their planes to enter our airspace,” Fidan declared, decrying the humanitarian crisis in Gaza and warning of the broader regional instability fueled by Israeli military operations against neighboring countries, including Syria.

However, Reuters later clarified that the airspace ban applies specifically to government flights and aircraft transporting munitions to Israel, while commercial flights transiting Turkish airspace remain unrestricted. Supporting this, independent analysis from aviation intelligence platform ch-aviation shows that Israeli carriers such as El Al Israel Airlines, Israir, and Arkia continue to fly over Türkiye en route to destinations across Europe and the Caucasus without any noticeable rerouting. No official Notices to Air Missions (NOTAMs) have been issued to restrict these overflights.

Türkiye and Israel have maintained a tense political relationship for several years. All direct flights between the two countries have been suspended since the October 7, 2023 Hamas attacks on Israel and the subsequent military response in Gaza. In a further indication of strained ties, Turkish Airlines and Pegasus Airlines relinquished their remaining slots at Tel Aviv’s Ben Gurion Airport in April 2025, signaling that their return to the Israeli market remains unlikely in the near future.

While Türkiye’s move marks a significant escalation in diplomatic and economic pressure on Israel, the continuation of commercial overflights suggests a cautious approach to aviation restrictions, balancing political stance with operational realities of regional air traffic.

As the humanitarian and geopolitical crisis unfolds, the Turkish government’s actions reflect growing condemnation of Israeli policies in Gaza, underscoring the complex and volatile dynamics in Middle Eastern relations.

Wizz Air has officially ended its Abu Dhabi-based operations as of September 1, marking a strategic retreat from the UAE market to focus more heavily on its European network. While this move has resulted in some flight cancellations and operational shifts, travelers seeking affordable flights from the UAE will not be left stranded. A number of other low-cost carriers are actively stepping in to fill the gap, ensuring continued access to budget-friendly travel options.

Wizz Air’s August traffic report confirmed its last outbound flight from Abu Dhabi flew on August 31. The airline is simultaneously rebuilding its Tel Aviv hub, aiming to restart a full schedule of 24 routes by mid-September, underscoring the company’s adaptability following the suspension of summer flights from the UAE.

The decision to close Wizz Air’s Abu Dhabi base stems from a mix of operational challenges, including geopolitical tensions in the region and technical difficulties arising from harsh climate conditions affecting aircraft engines. While the airline’s Abu Dhabi-based arm has ceased operations, some routes from the broader Wizz Air European network will continue to fly to and from Abu Dhabi.

For passengers accustomed to Wizz Air’s low fares, several alternative budget airlines are ready to meet ongoing demand across the UAE and beyond:

• Air Arabia and Air Arabia Abu Dhabi: As the Middle East’s first and largest low-cost airline, Air Arabia operates from Sharjah, while its joint venture with Etihad Airways, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, flies from Abu Dhabi’s Zayed International Airport. Both carriers serve numerous destinations across the Middle East, North Africa, and Asia.
• flydubai: Dubai-based flydubai blends low fares with some full-service offerings, flying to more than 120 destinations worldwide. It is a popular choice for routes to Eastern Europe and South Asia.
• flynas: The Saudi low-cost carrier operates flights from Dubai and Abu Dhabi to multiple destinations, including Saudi cities, Tbilisi, and Brussels.
• IndiGo and Air India Express: These Indian carriers provide frequent, affordable connections between India and the UAE, covering a broad range of cities.
• Pegasus Airlines and Jazeera Airways: Pegasus offers budget flights to Turkey and onward connections to Europe from Sharjah and Dubai, while Kuwait-based Jazeera Airways serves routes from Dubai and Abu Dhabi to destinations in the Middle East and Asia.

Though Wizz Air’s exit marks a shift in the UAE’s aviation landscape, the presence of these well-established low-cost competitors ensures the market remains dynamic and competitive. Travelers can continue to find attractive deals and explore a wide variety of destinations without stretching their budgets, especially during promotional periods when even full-service airlines offer significant discounts.

Great news for fans of the legendary manga and anime series One Piece: you no longer have to journey to Japan to shop at the iconic Mugiwara Store. On September 12, Singapore will welcome its very first official Mugiwara Store at Jewel Changi Airport, offering devotees an exciting treasure trove of exclusive One Piece merchandise.

Named after the Japanese term for “Straw Hat” — a nod to the series’ protagonist Monkey D. Luffy and his adventurous crew — the Mugiwara Store will feature a wide range of collectibles including apparel, accessories, keychains, plush toys, and detailed figures. Fans can also enjoy immersive photo spots that bring the world of One Piece to life.

The store’s design draws inspiration from the One Piece Egghead Arc, where the Straw Hat Pirates explore the futuristic Egghead Island. This thematic setting adds a unique and immersive atmosphere for shoppers, making it more than just a retail experience.

Ng Kuan Luen, director of the Singapore-based omnichannel platform Omnisekai and part of the store’s management, shared his enthusiasm: “We are thrilled to announce the One Piece Mugiwara Store at Jewel Changi Airport, marking Singapore’s first-ever flagship location for this beloved manga and anime series. With its global appeal and iconic setting, Jewel Changi Airport is the perfect home for the Mugiwara Store’s debut in Singapore.”

The store opens its doors on September 12, 2025, located at 78 Airport Boulevard, #04-235/236, Jewel Changi Airport, Singapore 819666. It will operate daily from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m., inviting all One Piece fans and collectors to dive into a world of adventure and exclusive merchandise right in the heart of Singapore.

Malaysia is aiming high to boost its tourism industry, targeting 43 million foreign visitors this year and an even more ambitious 47 million in 2026. This bold vision aligns with the Visit Malaysia 2026 (VM2026) campaign’s goal to attract travelers who stay longer and spend more, strengthening the nation’s position as a top global destination.

Deputy Prime Minister Datuk Seri Ahmad Zahid Hamidi, speaking after chairing the VM2026 National Main Committee meeting on September 2, outlined three key strategies that form the foundation of the campaign’s success. Central to these plans are stronger destination branding and more aggressive marketing campaigns designed to stimulate demand. Additionally, the government is actively working to boost visitor traffic through closer collaboration with airlines, travel agencies, and key regional land and sea entry points.

The campaign also targets specific markets and high-impact tourism segments, including ecotourism, shopping tourism, and unique niche attractions tailored to meet the interests of diverse traveler groups. These focused efforts aim to maximize visitor engagement and spending.

“The VM2026 campaign is a national priority that seeks to increase tourism revenue, enhance Malaysia’s global competitiveness, and ensure that tourism continues to be a major contributor to the country’s GDP,” said Ahmad Zahid. Highlighting the sector’s strong recovery, he noted that Malaysia welcomed 38 million foreign visitors in 2024—a 31.1 percent increase from the previous year—while domestic tourism recorded 260.1 million visits, up 21.7 percent compared to 2023.

Seasonal tourism promotions are also a key focus, especially to attract visitors from the Middle East, a region challenged by extreme weather conditions at certain times of the year. One proposed initiative is to amplify the Malaysia Midnight Sale, positioning the country as a premier shopping destination for global tourists.

Ahmad Zahid emphasized the importance of unified action across government ministries and agencies to provide seamless service to visitors. “I want every ministry and agency to work together, move in step, and deliver the best experience to tourists,” he said. “With firm commitment, Malaysia will continue to excel as a world-class tourism destination, rich in culture, safe to visit, and able to generate shared prosperity.”

Supporting the overarching VM2026 campaign is a structure of six working sub-committees led by various ministries, including Tourism, Arts and Culture; Communications; Housing and Local Government; Transport; and Tourism Malaysia itself. This collaborative framework aims to strengthen Malaysia’s presence in both existing and emerging markets.
“I am confident that with serious focus and cooperation, Malaysia will boost its tourism sector significantly by 2026,” Datuk Seri Ahmad Zahid concluded.

The ambitious VM2026 campaign underscores Malaysia’s commitment to revitalizing tourism and capitalizing on its diverse attractions, from natural wonders to vibrant cultural experiences, ensuring the country remains a beloved destination for travelers worldwide.

The island paradise of Phuket is riding an extraordinary wave of tourism recovery in 2025, welcoming millions of travelers and generating remarkable revenue that underscores its position as Thailand’s premier tourist destination. Data from the Provincial Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) Office in Phuket reveals that over 7.6 million tourists arrived between January and July alone, injecting an astonishing 290 billion baht into the island’s economy.

Governor Sophon Suwannarat highlighted the diverse mix of visitors fueling this resurgence. Russians, Chinese, and Indians topped the arrival charts for the seven-month period, while European tourists surged in July, accounting for nearly 43% of visitors in that month. July’s tourist count reached approximately 887,000, contributing 36 billion baht to the local economy, a vivid sign of the island’s enduring appeal.

Hotel occupancy rates reflect healthy demand, with an average of 76.61% from January to July and a July occupancy of 63.99%, which mirrors typical seasonal travel patterns. The bustling hospitality sector benefits from a steady flow of international travelers who continue to choose Phuket for leisure, business, and cultural experiences.

Phuket’s growing visitor numbers are strongly supported by increased air traffic. Phuket International Airport recorded 63,007 flights in the first seven months of the year—a 6% rise over the same period last year. July by itself saw 7,896 flights touching down, signaling robust connections and accessibility for global travelers.

Adding to the island’s global reach, three new international airlines launched direct routes to Phuket in 2025. AirAsia inaugurated a four-times-weekly Medan-Phuket route, Asiana Airlines increased connectivity with 14 weekly flights from Seoul, and Air France began operating a thrice-weekly Paris-Phuket service. These new links not only broaden Phuket’s market but also make the island more accessible to diverse audiences.

Maritime tourism is also thriving. From January to July, 154,217 visitors arrived via 55 tourist boats, complemented by 670 travelers onboard 527 yachts, reinforcing the importance of sea-based arrivals in Phuket’s tourism mosaic.

Last year, Phuket welcomed a record 13.1 million visitors and amassed staggering tourism revenue of 497 billion baht, securing its status as Thailand’s top-earning province for tourism, as reported by the Bangkok Post. Encouragingly, the current year’s figures suggest Phuket is well on pace to match or potentially surpass those high benchmarks by year-end.

With expanding flight routes, consistently strong hotel occupancy, and tourists arriving from all corners of the globe, Phuket’s tourism sector is not merely recovering—it’s booming. The island is poised to continue dazzling travelers and driving economic growth well into the future, reaffirming its crown jewel status in Thailand’s tourism landscape.