In 2025, the world’s cleanest countries are not just global leaders in environmental health—they are also innovators in climate policy, renewable energy, and sustainable development. These nations have earned top rankings through rigorous assessment by the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) and the Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI), which together provide the most authoritative and data-driven evaluations of national environmental performance.

The EPI, developed by Yale and Columbia Universities, uses 58 indicators across 11 categories—ranging from air and water quality to biodiversity and climate policy—to rank 180 countries on how well they meet sustainability targets. The CCPI, meanwhile, evaluates 63 countries and the EU, covering over 90% of global greenhouse gas emissions, and assesses performance in GHG emissions, renewable energy, energy use, and climate policy.

These indices are vital tools for policymakers, businesses, and communities, offering a granular view of each country’s strengths and weaknesses, helping to set targets, track trends, and identify best practices for a sustainable future. High-ranking countries benefit from advanced regulatory frameworks, greener infrastructure, and new market opportunities for sustainable technologies. Here’s a closer look at what sets each of the top 10 apart in 2025:

1. Estonia (EPI Score: 75.3)

Estonia leads the world in cleanliness and sustainability, thanks to its extensive forest cover, effective use of bioenergy, and a strong focus on natural resource management. The country has set ambitious climate goals, including a 70% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2050.

Estonia achieved an 11.3% emissions reduction in late 2024, outpacing the rest of the EU, even as its economy grew. The capital, Tallinn, has become a beacon of urban sustainability, winning the ITB Earth Award 2025 for its zero-waste Song and Dance Celebration, which drastically cut single-use plastics and promoted circular economy practices.

Estonia’s environmental policies have also led to Europe’s cleanest air and ongoing investments in wind, solar, and energy storage. However, the country faces challenges in fully phasing out fossil fuels and balancing biomass production with forest conservation.

2. Luxembourg (EPI Score: 75.0)

Luxembourg stands out as a small nation with outsized environmental achievements, earning an EPI score of 75.0 in 2024 and a 4.1-point rise over the past decade. The country leads the world in water management, boasting a near-perfect score of 90.6 in Water Resources and an astounding 99.8 in Sanitation & Drinking Water. Over 55% of Luxembourg’s land is protected, contributing to a top-tier biodiversity score of 84.8.

The nation’s capital has pioneered green investments, while advanced wastewater treatment and strict EU-aligned standards keep pollution low. While Luxembourg excels in ecosystem vitality and heavy metal pollution control, it continues to work on reducing per capita greenhouse gas emissions and curbing tree cover loss.

3. Germany (EPI Score: 74.6)

Germany ranks third globally with an EPI score of 74.6 in 2024, marking a 4.4-point improvement over ten years. The country treats 100% of its urban wastewater, achieving a high 89.1 in Water Resources, and protects a significant share of its land and seas, reflected in its 82.4 Biodiversity & Habitat score.

Germany’s robust environmental policies are complemented by massive investments in green infrastructure and renewable energy. The nation’s cities are recognized for clean air, efficient public transport, and progressive urban planning. Germany’s approach demonstrates that sustainability can go hand in hand with industrial progress, though ongoing industrial emissions remain a challenge.

4. Finland (EPI Score: 73.7)

Finland secures the fourth spot with a 2024 EPI score of 73.7, though this reflects a slight decrease from its 2014 score. The country is a global leader in public health, scoring a perfect 100.0 in both Sanitation & Drinking Water and Heavy Metals. Finland’s well-managed forests, protected natural areas, and clean air contribute to its strong ecosystem vitality.

The nation’s deep cultural connection to nature is evident in its policies, which seamlessly integrate sustainability into daily life. Finland’s challenge lies in maintaining its high standards amid growing urbanization and climate pressures.

5. United Kingdom (EPI Score: 72.7)

The United Kingdom earns an EPI score of 72.7 in 2024, up by 2.1 points over the past decade. The UK has made significant progress in reducing carbon emissions, largely through aggressive wind energy deployment and expanded recycling programs. Urban green spaces and biodiversity conservation have improved city livability and environmental health.

The UK continues to update its climate policies to meet international targets, but faces ongoing challenges with air quality in some metropolitan areas and the need for further emissions reductions.

6. Sweden (EPI Score: 70.5)

Sweden ranks sixth with a 2024 EPI score of 70.5, showing a modest 1.6-point increase over ten years. The country’s energy mix is dominated by hydropower and wind, and it is a pioneer in negative emissions technologies.

Sweden’s cities are models of sustainable urban development, and the nation’s commitment to clean air, water, and biodiversity is unwavering. However, Sweden faces pressure to further reduce emissions from transportation and industry to meet its ambitious climate goals.

7. Norway (EPI Score: 70.0)

Norway holds the seventh position with a 2024 EPI score of 70.0, up 3.6 points over the last decade. The country boasts nearly universal access to clean drinking water and sanitation, and its electricity is almost entirely supplied by hydropower.

Norway’s proactive climate policies and investments in electric mobility and carbon capture have resulted in some of the world’s lowest per capita emissions. The country’s challenge is balancing oil and gas exports with its climate commitments.

8. Austria (EPI Score: 69.0)

Austria scores 69.0 on the 2024 EPI, reflecting a slight decrease of 0.3 points over ten years. The country excels in maintaining clean cities and countryside through strict agricultural and chemical regulations. Austria’s public transport system and urban planning support eco-living, while strong environmental laws ensure high water quality and effective waste management.

Austria’s challenge is to address areas of stagnation and reinvigorate progress on climate adaptation and emissions reduction.

9. Switzerland (EPI Score: 68.0)

Switzerland earns a 2024 EPI score of 68.0, up 1.8 points over the last decade. The country is renowned for its pristine landscapes, robust waste management, and advanced water treatment systems.

Switzerland’s environmental protection laws and public engagement in sustainability initiatives help maintain high living standards and ecological health. However, Switzerland must continue to innovate in renewable energy and reduce its ecological footprint to stay ahead.

10. Denmark (EPI Score: 67.9)

Denmark rounds out the top ten with an EPI score of 67.9 in 2024, a 1.7-point increase over ten years. The nation is a global leader in wind energy and urban planning that prioritizes cycling and green spaces. Denmark’s comprehensive recycling policies and low pollution levels make it a model for clean living. 

The country’s ongoing challenge is to further cut emissions from agriculture and transportation while maintaining economic growth.

How Are These Rankings Determined?

Environmental Performance Index (EPI):

• Uses 58 indicators across 11 categories, including air quality, water and sanitation, biodiversity, habitat protection, and climate policy.
• Weights environmental health (40%) and ecosystem vitality (60%) to reflect both immediate human well-being and long-term sustainability.
• Draws data from the WHO, UN, and other global agencies, providing a scorecard for each country and highlighting leaders and laggards.

Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI):

• Assesses four main categories: GHG emissions (40%), renewable energy (20%), energy use (20%), and climate policy (20%).
• Uses 14 indicators, combining quantitative data (from IEA, FAO, UNFCCC) and qualitative expert assessments of national and international climate policy.
• Covers 63 countries and the EU, representing over 90% of global GHG emissions.

These indices are not just academic—they guide policy, inform investment, and help countries benchmark progress toward sustainability goals. High-ranking countries typically have strong regulatory frameworks, transparent governance, and engaged civil societies, making them attractive for sustainable business and investment.

Why Does This Matter?

• Policy Guidance: Countries use EPI and CCPI data to set targets, track trends, and refine environmental policies.
• Business and Investment: High scores signal a favorable environment for green investment and sustainable business operations.
• Public Health: Clean air, water, and effective waste management directly improve quality of life and reduce healthcare costs.
• Global Leadership: These nations serve as models for others striving to balance economic growth with environmental stewardship.

Summary point

As environmental challenges grow increasingly urgent worldwide, the achievements of these top 10 cleanest countries in 2025 offer both inspiration and a practical roadmap for sustainable development. Their success demonstrates that with visionary leadership, innovative technologies, and committed public participation, it is possible to safeguard natural resources, improve public health, and foster economic growth simultaneously.

By learning from their policies and practices, other nations can accelerate their own journeys toward a cleaner, greener, and more resilient future—ensuring a healthier planet for generations to come

Delhi Airport is rapidly carving out its place as a premier international transit gateway, emerging as one of the fastest-growing hubs for passengers connecting between international flights. According to data from the International Air Transport Association (IATA) reported by GMR Aero and Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL), transfers between international flights at the airport skyrocketed by an astonishing 244% in just two years—from 3.88 lakh passengers in FY 2023 to an impressive 13.4 lakh in FY 2025.

This explosive growth underlines Delhi’s rising prominence on the global aviation map. The airport now boasts the strongest direct connectivity to North America and Europe among airports in South and Southeast Asia, thanks in large part to its strategic location along the vital East–West corridor. This makes it a natural and convenient stopover for long-haul travelers transiting between continents.

Videh Kumar Jaipuriar, CEO of DIAL, emphasized the significance of this milestone: “The exponential growth of 244% in International-to-International transfers at Delhi Airport is a strong testament to our emergence as a global transit hub. This achievement is the result of our focused efforts and commitment to providing seamless connectivity, best-in-class infrastructure, and a world-class passenger experience. Aligned with the Government of India’s strategic vision to position Delhi as a leading international transit gateway, we have been continuously working to build a hub that connects continents.”

The airport’s overall transfer traffic also showed solid growth, reaching 2.03 crore passengers in FY 2025—a 30.6% increase from FY 2023. Domestic-to-domestic transfers grew steadily as well, rising 15.9% to 1.05 crore passengers over the same period. A notable driver of this boom has been airline route expansion—IndiGo’s new services linking Bangkok and Phuket to Central Asian cities like Almaty, Tashkent, Tbilisi, and Baku fueled nearly 500% growth on the Central Asia-Thailand corridor.
With both Air India and IndiGo planning to add more wide-body aircraft and launch new routes, the surge in transfer passengers is expected to accelerate even further.

Delhi Airport’s ability to handle the surging transfer volume owes much to its robust infrastructure development and passenger-centric services under the ambitious Phase 3A expansion project.

The specialized International-to-International transfer zone has nearly doubled in size, featuring additional frisking booths, X-ray machines, food and beverage outlets, and retail shops, enabling quicker and smoother transit for international passengers. Dedicated transfer desks, buggy services inside Terminal 3, porter assistance, and optional lounge access all enhance passenger convenience for seamless onward connections.

Exclusive lounges like Encalm Privé at Terminal 3 arrivals offer travelers the chance to rest, refresh, and recharge with power naps, showers, and refreshments. The Holiday Inn Express within Terminal 3’s International wing provides comfortable overnight accommodations equipped with blackout shades, mini-bar, climate control, television, and bedding—perfect for long layovers.

Real-image terminal maps accessible via QR codes at Terminals 1 and 3 guide travelers efficiently to transfer desks, boarding gates, and baggage areas. Delhi’s Airport Express (Orange Line) and Magenta Line link terminals with central Delhi, supported by metro stations at Terminals 1 and 3 and Aerocity. Free shuttle buses operate every 10 minutes between terminals for added ease.

Passenger experience is further enhanced by the “DEL Vibes” cultural program at Terminal 3, which offers live classical music, dance, and crafts daily, while biometric kiosks expedite e-visa processing. Color-coded signage simplifies navigation, further easing transfers.

With its 244% spike in international-to-international transfers, Delhi Airport stands out as a reliable and attractive choice for transit passengers worldwide. Backed by extensive route networks, strategic airline partnerships, and integrated passenger services, it is connecting India more closely to the world than ever before.

Serving approximately 150 global destinations, Delhi Airport is the sole Indian airport ranked among the top 10 hub airports in the Asia-Pacific and Middle East region, as per Airports Council International Asia-Pacific & Middle East’s 2024 Air Connectivity Ranking.

As investments in infrastructure continue and airline expansions gather pace, Delhi Airport is well on its way to becoming a truly world-class transit gateway—uniting continents and cultures through seamless travel experiences.

Lucknow’s Chaudhary Charan Singh International Airport is set for a transformative expansion with Adani Airports investing nearly ₹10,000 crore to vastly improve facilities, capacity, and connectivity. The airport’s annual passenger handling capacity will almost double from 8 million to 14 million by 2026–27, driven by the completion of Terminal 3, Phase 2, along with upgraded infrastructure.

A parallel taxi track will increase flight movements from 17 to 24 per hour, reducing congestion and improving operational efficiency. The runway is being extended from 2,744 meters to 3,514 meters, enabling wide-body aircraft such as the Airbus A380 and Boeing 777 to operate directly from Lucknow. This enhancement is expected to open nonstop long-haul flights to Europe and the US.

Cargo operations are also receiving a significant boost, with a target to increase capacity to 50,000 metric tonnes within the next five years. Currently, the airport connects to 42 nonstop destinations—31 domestic and 11 international with plans to add more international routes including direct flights to Vietnam and Singapore. The expansion combines modern technology, art, and culture to create a seamless and comfortable travel experience and aims to establish Lucknow as a major aviation hub in northern India while supporting regional economic growth.

Sharjah Airport Authority (SAA) has welcomed the Syrian airline Fly Cham to its growing network, officially launching new flights to the emirate on August 28, 2025. This significant addition highlights Sharjah Airport’s expanding role as a regional travel hub, boosting connectivity between the UAE and Syria and offering passengers enhanced travel options.

The inaugural Fly Cham flight touched down at Sharjah Airport amid a ceremony attended by key officials including Dr. Ahmed Al Hmoudi, Director of Customer Service at SAA, and Hamdi Khalaf, Commercial Director of Fly Cham. The airline will operate five weekly flights between Damascus and Sharjah with convenient afternoon timings, along with two weekly early morning flights linking Aleppo and Sharjah. The aircraft of choice for these routes is the Airbus A320, known for its comfort and efficiency.

Ali Salim Al Midfa, Chairman of SAA, emphasized the importance of these new services in meeting the rising demand for travel between Syria and the UAE. “The launch of Fly Cham flights is a valuable addition to our ongoing expansion and highlights the strength and quality of our airport’s infrastructure and services,” he stated. Al Midfa also noted that the new routes provide vital flexibility for passengers to maintain family ties and conduct business, affirming SAA’s commitment to delivering safe, seamless, and world-class travel experiences.

From Fly Cham’s perspective, CEO Captain Moussa Boutros described the partnership with Sharjah Airport as a strategic step for regional growth. “Our confidence in Sharjah’s world-class facilities and services makes it the ideal choice to offer safe, reliable, and competitively priced travel options,” he said. Boutros highlighted that the collaboration aims to support growing demand and deepen ties between Syria and the UAE.

Sharjah Airport continues to attract international airlines by adopting advanced technologies and tailoring services to meet diverse needs. With ongoing expansion projects targeting an increase in annual capacity to 25 million passengers by 2027, the airport is poised to reinforce Sharjah’s position as a leading aviation, tourism, and economic hub in the region. The Fly Cham launch stands as a testament to this vision, enriching the airport’s route network and enhancing its role in regional connectivity and economic development.

In a significant move ahead of Malaysia’s 68th National Day celebrations, authorities will close the airspace surrounding Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) every morning from 8 a.m. to noon starting Tuesday, August 26, for six consecutive days. This temporary closure is to facilitate rehearsals by the Royal Malaysian Air Force for the much-anticipated aerial flypast during the National Day parade on August 31.

The morning airspace closure aims to ensure smooth, uninterrupted practice sessions, which are a highlight of the country’s annual patriotic festivities. The Royal Malaysian Air Force's precision and spectacle in the sky are eagerly awaited each year, symbolizing national pride and unity.

In response to the closure, Malaysia Airlines announced adjustments to its flight schedules to accommodate the restricted airspace period. Passengers departing KLIA are urged to arrive at least four hours before their revised flight times to allow ample time for check-in procedures and mandatory travel document verification at various checkpoints within the airport.

The airline also emphasizes the importance of travelers verifying their travel documents and entry or exit requirements through official channels prior to their journey, ensuring a hassle-free experience during this busy time.

As Malaysia prepares to honor its 68th year of independence, these measures highlight the elaborate planning and coordination behind the celebrations, promising a memorable National Day both on the ground and in the skies.

Dubai International Airport's Terminal 1 is set to welcome a transformative upgrade that promises to greatly enhance the travel experience for millions of passengers. Recognizing the surging demand with over 92 million travelers passing through the airport in 2024, Dubai’s Roads and Transport Authority (RTA) has launched an ambitious project to widen and upgrade the crucial access bridge to Terminal 1.

The existing bridge, which currently accommodates three lanes, will be expanded to four lanes through the construction of a new steel box girder bridge integrated with a composite concrete slab. This innovative engineering approach not only delivers enhanced structural efficiency but also enables swift construction without disrupting the busy traffic flow on Airport Street or requiring temporary supports beneath the bridge.

Stretching a total of 171 meters, with a 70-meter main span, the expanded bridge will increase vehicle capacity by 33%, rising from 4,200 to 5,600 vehicles per hour. This substantial boost in capacity aims to dramatically reduce congestion and shorten journey times, offering smoother access to one of the world's busiest international airports.

Beyond widening the bridge, the project features comprehensive upgrades including road pavement improvements, infrastructure service enhancements, landscaping to blend with the surrounding environment, and new street lighting to improve safety and visibility.

Mattar Al Tayer, Director General of RTA, emphasized the importance of this development as part of Dubai’s larger vision to future-proof its transportation network and strengthen connectivity between vital corridors and the airport. This initiative falls under broader efforts by the RTA that have already delivered several major infrastructure upgrades along Airport Street ranging from additional bridges and tunnels to expanded road capacity all geared toward supporting Dubai’s standing as a global travel and business hub.

As Dubai International Airport continues to break records as the world's busiest for international passengers, the Terminal 1 bridge expansion underscores the city's commitment to excellence in transportation infrastructure. Travelers can look forward to a safer, faster, and more seamless journey to and from DXB, reiterating Dubai’s role as a premier gateway for global connectivity.

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